Homer’s Battle of the Frogs & Mice (Batrachomyomachia)

HOMER’s BATTLE of the FROGS and MICE.Names of the MICE.
Psycarpax, one who plunders granaries.
Troxartas, a bread-eater.
Lychomile, a licker of meal.
Pternotractas, a bacon-eater.
Lychopinax, a licker of dishes.
Embasichytros, a creeper into pots.
Lychenor, a name from licking.
Troglodytes, one who runs into holes.
Artophagus, who feeds on bread.
Tyroglyphus, a cheese-scooper,
Pternoglyphus, a bacon-scooper.
Pternophogus, a bacon-eater.
Cnissodioctes, one who follows the steam of kitchins.
Sitophagus, an eater of wheat.
Meridarpax, one who plunders his share.

Names of the FROGS.
Physignathus, one who swells his cheeks.
Pelus, a name from mud.
Hydromeduse, a ruler in the waters.
Hypsiboas, a loud bawler.
Pelion, from mud.
Seutlaeus, call’d from the beets.
Polyphonus, a great babbler.
Lymnocharis, one who loves the lake.
Crambophagus, cabbage-eater.
Lymnisius, call’d from the lake.
Calaminthius, from the herb.
Hydrocharis, who loves the water.
Borborocates, who lies in the mud.
Prassophagus, an eater of garlick.
Pelusius, from mud.
Pelobates, who walks in the dirt.
Prassaeus, call’d from garlick.
Craugasides, from croaking.

BOOK I.To fill my rising song with sacred fire,
Ye tuneful Nine, ye sweet celestial quire!
From Helicon’s imbow’ring height repair,
Attend my labours, and reward my pray’r.
The dreadful toils of raging Mars I write,
The springs of contest, and the fields of fight;
How threat’ning Mice advanc’d with warlike grace,
And wag’d dire combats with the croaking race.
Not louder tumults shook Olympus’ tow’rs,
When earth-born giants dar’d immortal pow’rs.
Those equal acts in equal glory claim,
And thus the Muse records the tale of fame.
Once on a time, fatigu’d and out of breath,
And just escap’d the stretching claws of death,
A gentle Mouse, whom Cats pursu’d in vain,
Fled swift-of-foot across the neighb’ring plain,
Hung o’er a brink, his eager thirst to cool,
And dipt his whiskers in the standing pool;

When near a courteous Frog advanc’d his head;
And from the waters, hoarse-resounding said:
What art thou, stranger? what the line you boast?
What chance has cast thee panting on our coast?
With strictest truth let all thy words agree,
Nor let me find a faithless Mouse in thee.
If worthy friendship, proffer’d friendship take,
And ent’ring view the pleasurable lake:
Range o’er my palace, in my bounty share,
And glad return from hospitable fare.
This silver realm extends beneath my sway,
And me, their monarch, all its Frogs obey.
Great Physignathus I, from Peleus’ race,
Begot in fair Hydromede’s embrace,
Where by the nuptial bank that paints his side,
The swift Eridanus delights to glide.
Thee too, thy form, thy strength, and port proclaim
A scepter’d king; a son of martial fame;
Then trace thy line, and aid my guessing eyes.
Thus ceas’d the Frog, and thus the Mouse replies.
Known to the Gods, the men, the birds that fly
Thro’ wild expanses of the midway sky,
My name resounds; and if unknown to thee,
The soul of great Psycarpax lives in me.
Of brave Troxartas’ line, whose sleeky down
In love compress’d Lychomile the brown.
My mother she, and princess of the plains
Where-e’er her father Pternotroctas reigns:

Born where a cabin lifts its airy shed,
With figs, with nuts, with vary’d dainties fed.
But since our natures nought in common know,
From what foundation can a friendship grow?
These curling waters o’er thy palace roll;
But man’s high food supports my princely soul.
In vain the circled loaves attempt to lye
Conceal’d in flaskets from my curious eye,
In vain the tripe that boasts the whitest hue,
In vain the gilded bacon shuns my view,
In vain the cheeses, offspring of the paile,
Or honey’d cakes, which Gods themselves regale.
And as in arts I shine, in arms I fight,
Mix’d with the bravest, and unknown to flight.
Tho’ large to mine the human form appear,
Not Man himself can smite my soul with fear.
Sly to the bed with silent steps I go,
Attempt his finger, or attack his toe,
And six indented wounds with dext’rous skill;
Sleeping he feels, and only seems to feel.
Yet have we foes which direful dangers cause,
Grim owls with talons arm’d, and Cats with claws,
And that false Trap, the den of silent fate,
Where Death his ambush plants around the bait:
All-dreaded these, and dreadful o’er the rest
The potent warriors of the tabby vest;
If to the dark we fly, the dark they trace,
And rend our heroes of the nibbling race.

But me, nor stalks, nor watrish herbs delight,
Nor can the crimson radish charm my sight,
The lake-resounding Frogs selected fare,
Which not a Mouse of any taste can bear.
As thus the downy prince his mind exprest,
His answer thus the croaking king addrest.
Thy words luxuriant on thy dainties rove,
And, stranger, we can boast of bounteous Jove:
We sport in water, or we dance on land,
And born amphibious, food from both command,
But trust thyself where wonders ask thy view,
And safely tempt those seas, I’ll bear thee thro’:
Ascend my shoulders, firmly keep thy seat,
And reach my marshy court, and feast in state.
He said, and bent his back; with nimble bound
Leaps the light Mouse, and clasps his arms around,
Then wond’ring floats, and sees with glad survey
The winding banks resembling ports at sea.
But when aloft the curling water rides,
And wets with azure wave his downy sides,
His thoughts grow conscious of approaching woe,
His idle tears with vain repentance flow,
His locks he rends, his trembling feet he rears,
Thick beats his heart with unaccustom’d fears;
His sighs, and chill’d with danger, longs for shore:
His tail extended forms a fruitless oar.
Half-drench’d in liquid death his pray’rs he spake,
And thus bemoan’d him from the dreadful lake.

So pass’d Europa thro’ the rapid sea,
Trembling and fainting all the vent’rous way;
With oary feet the bull triumphant rode,
And safe in Crete depos’d his lovely load.
Ah safe at last! may thus the Frog support
My trembling limbs to reach his ample court.
As thus he sorrows, death ambiguous grows,
Lo! from the deep a water-Hydra rose;
He rolls his sanguin’d eyes, his bosom heaves,
And darts with active rage along the waves.
Confus’d, the monarch sees his hissing foe,
And dives, to shun the sable fates, below.
Forgetful Frog! the friend thy shoulders bore,
Unskill’d in swimming, floats remote from shore.
He grasps with fruitless hands to find relief,
Supinely falls, and grinds his teeth with grief,
Plunging he sinks, and struggling mounts again,
And sinks, and strives, but strives with fate in vain.
The weighty moisture clogs his hairy vest,
And thus the Prince his dying rage exprest.
Nor thou, that fling’st me flound’ring from thy back,
As from hard rocks rebounds the shatt’ring wrack,
Nor thou shalt ‘scape thy due, perfidious king!
Pursu’d by vengeance on the swiftest wing:
At land thy strength could never equal mine,
At sea to conquer, and by craft, was thine;
But heav’n has Gods, and Gods have searching eyes:
Ye Mice, ye Mice, my great avengers rise!

This said, he sighing gasp’d, and gasping dy’d.
His death the young Lychopinax espy’d,
As on the flow’ry brink he pass’d the day,
Bask’d in the beams, and loiter’d life away.
Loud shrieks the Mouse, his shrieks the shores repeat;
The nibbling nation learn their heroe’s fate:
Grief, dismal grief ensues; deep murmurs sound,
And shriller fury fills the deafen’d ground.
From lodge to lodge the sacred Heralds run,
To fix their council with the rising sun;
Where great Troxartas crown’d in glory reigns,
And winds his length’ning court beneath the plains;
Psycarpax’ father, father now no more!
For poor Psycarpax lies remote from shore;
Supine he lies! the silent waters stand,
And no kind billow wafts the dead to land!

BOOK II.When rosy-singer’d morn had ting’d the clouds,
Around their Monarch-Mouse the nation crouds;
Slow rose the sov’reign, heav’d his anxious breast,
And thus, the council fill’d with rage, addrest.
For lost Psycarpax much my soul endures,
‘Tis mine the private grief, the public, yours.
Three warlike sons adorn’d my nuptial bed,
Three sons, alas! before their father dead!

Our eldest perish’d by the rav’ning Cat,
As near my court the Prince unheedful sate.
Our next, an engine fraught with danger drew,
The portal gap’d, the bait was hung in view,
Dire Arts assist the Trap, the Fates decoy,
And men unpitying kill’d my gallant Boy!
The last, his Country’s hope, his Parent’s pride,
Plung’d in the lake by Physignathus, dy’d.
Rouse all the war, my friends! avenge the deed,
And bleed that Monarch, and his Nation bleed.
His words in ev’ry breast inspir’d alarms,
And careful Mars supply’d their host with arms.
In verdant hulls despoil’d of all their beans,
The buskin’d warriors stalk’d along the plains:
Quills aptly bound, their bracing corselet made,
Fac’d with the plunder of a Cat they flay’d:
The lamp’s round boss affords their ample shield;
Large shells of nuts their cov’ring helmet yield;
And o’er the region, with reflected rays,
Tall groves of needles for their lances blaze.
Dreadful in arms the marching Mice appear;
The wond’ring Frogs perceive the tumult near,
Forsake the waters, thick’ning form a ring,
And ask, and hearken, whence the noises spring.
When near the croud, disclos’d to public view,
The valiant chief Embasichytros drew:
The sacred herald’s scepter grac’d his hand,
And thus his words exprest his king’s command.

Ye Frogs! the Mice, with vengeance fir’d, advance,
And deckt in armour shake the shining lance:
Their hapless Prince by Physignathus slain,
Extends incumbent on the watry plain.
Then arm your host, the doubtful battle try;
Lead forth those Frogs that have the soul to die.
The chief retires, the crowd the challenge hear,
And proudly-swelling yet perplex’d appear:
Much they resent, yet much their Monarch blame,
Who rising, spoke to clear his tainted fame.
O friends, I never forc’d the Mouse to death,
Nor saw the gaspings of his latest breath,
He, vain of youth, our art of swimming try’d,
And vent’rous; in the lake the wanton dy’d.
To vengeance now by false appearance led,
They point their anger at my guiltless head,
But wage the rising war by deep device,
And turn its fury on the crafty Mice.
Your King directs the way; my thoughts elate
With hopes of conquest, form designs of fate.
Where high the banks their verdant surface heave,
And the steep sides confine the sleeping wave,
There, near the margin, clad in armour bright,
Sustain the first impetuous shocks of fight:
Then, where the dancing feather joins the crest,
Let each brave Frog his obvious Mouse arrest;
Each strongly grasping, headlong plunge a foe,
‘Till countless circles whirl the lake below;

Down sink the Mice in yielding waters drown’d;
Loud flash the waters; and the shores resound:
The Frogs triumphant tread the conquer’d plain,
And raise their glorious trophies of the slain.
He spake no more: his prudent scheme imparts
Redoubling ardour to the boldest hearts.
Green was the suit his arming heroes chose,
Around their legs the greaves of mallows close,
Green were the beets about their shoulders laid,
And green the colewort, which the target made.
Form’d of the vary’d shells the waters yield,
Their glossy helmets glist’ned o’er the field:
And tap’ring sea-reeds for the polish’d spear,
With upright order pierc’d the ambient air.
Thus dress’d for war, they take th’appointed height,
Poize the long arms, and urge the promis’d fight.
But now, where Jove’s irradiate spires arise,
With stars surrounded in aetherial skies,
(A solemn council call’d) the brazen gates
Unbar; the Gods assume their golden seats:
The sire superior leans, and points to show
What wond’rous combats mortals wage below:
How strong, how large, the num’rous heroes stride!
What length of lance they shake with warlike pride!
What eager fire, their rapid march reveals!
So the fierce Centaurs ravag’d o’er the dales;
And so confirm’d, the daring Titans rose,
Heap’d hills on hills, and bid the Gods be foes.

This seen, the pow’r his sacred visage rears,
He casts a pitying smile on worldly cares,
And asks what heav’nly guardians take the list,
Or who the Mice, or who the Frogs assist?
Then thus to Pallas. If my daughter’s mind
Have join’d the Mice, why stays she still behind?
Drawn forth by sav’ry steams they wind their way,
And sure attendance round thine altar pay,
Where while the victims gratify their taste,
They sport to please the Goddess of the feast.
Thus spake the Ruler of the spacious skies;
But thus, resolv’d, the blue-ey’d maid replies.
In vain, my Father! all their dangers plead,
To such, thy Pallas never grants her aid.
My flow’ry wreaths they petulantly spoil,
And rob my chrystal lamps of feeding oil.
(Ills following ills!) but what afflicts me more,
My veil, that idle race profanely tore.
The web was curious, wrought with art divine;
Relentless wretches! all the work was mine!
Along the loom the purple warp I spread,
Cast the light shoot, and crost the silver thread;
In this their teeth a thousand breaches tear,
The thousand breaches skilful hands repair,
For which vile earthly dunns thy daughter grieve,
(The Gods, that use no coin, have none to give,
And Learning’s Goddess never less can owe,
Neglected learning gains no wealth below.)

Nor let the Frogs to win my succour sue.
Those clam’rous fools have lost my favour too.
For late, when all the conflict ceast at night,
When my stretch’d sinews work’d with eager fight;
When spent with glorious toil, I left the field,
And sunk for slumber on my swelling shield;
Lo from the deep, repelling sweet repose,
With noisy croakings half the nation rose:
Devoid of rest, with aking brows I lay,
‘Till cocks proclaim’d the crimson dawn of day.
Let all, like me, from either host forbear,
Nor tempt the flying furies of the spear;
Lest heav’nly blood (or what for blood may flow)
Adorn the conquest of a meaner foe.
Some daring Mouse may meet the wond’rous odds,
Tho’ Gods oppose, and brave the wounded Gods.
O’er gilded clouds reclin’d, the danger view,
And be the wars of mortals scenes for you.
So mov’d the blue-ey’d Queen; her words persuade,
Great Jove assented, and the rest obey’d.

BOOK III.Now front to front the marching armies shine,
Haltere they meet, and form the length’ning line:
The chiefs conspicuous seen and heard afar,
Give the loud signal to the rushing war;
Their dreadful trumpets deep-mouth’d hornets sound,
The sounded charge remurmurs o’er the ground,
Ev’n Jove proclaims a field of horror nigh,
And rolls low thunder thro’ the troubled sky.
First to the fight the large Hypsiboas flew,
And brave Lychenor with a javelin slew.
The luckless warrior fill’d with gen’rous flame,
Stood foremost glitt’ring in the post of fame;
When in his liver struck, the jav’lin hung;
The Mouse fell thund’ring, and the target rung;
Prone to the ground he sinks his closing eye,
And soil’d in dust his lovely tresses lie.
A spear at Pelion Troglodytes cast,
The missive spear within the bosom past;
Death’s sable shades the fainting Frog surround,
And life’s red tide runs ebbing from the wound.
Embasichytros felt Seutlaeus’ dart
Transfix, and quiver in his panting heart;
But great Artophagus aveng’d the slain,
And big Seutlaeus tumbling loads the plain,

And Polyphonus dies, a Frog renown’d,
For boastful speech and turbulence of sound;
Deep thro’ the belly pierc’d, supine he lay,
And breath’d his soul against the face of day.
The strong Lymnocharis, who view’d with ire,
A victor triumph, and a friend expire;
And fiercely flung where Troglodytes fought;
With heaving arms a rocky fragment caught,
(A warrior vers’d in arts, of sure retreat,
But arts in vain elude impending fate;)
Full on his sinewy neck the fragment fell,
And o’er his eye-lids clouds eternal dwell.
Lychenor (second of the glorious name)
Striding advanc’d, and took no wand’ring aim;
Thro’ all the Frog the shining jav’lin flies,
And near the vanquish’d Mouse the victor dies.
The dreadful stroke Crambophagus affrights,
Long bred to banquets, less inur’d to fights,
Heedless he runs, and stumbles o’er the steep,
And wildly flound’ring flashes up the deep;
Lycheror following with a downward blow,
Reach’d in the lake his unrecover’d foe;
Gasping he rolls, a purple stream of blood
Distains the surface of the silver flood;
Thro’ the wide wound the rushing entrails throng,
And slow the breathless carcass floats along.
Lymnisius good Tyroglyphus assails,
Prince of the Mice that haunt the flow’ry vales,

Lost to the milky fares and rural seat,
He came to perish on the bank of fate.
The dread Pternoglyphus demands the fight,
Which tender Calaminthius shuns by slight,
Drops the green target, springing quits the foe,
Glides thro’ the lake, and safely dives below.
But dire Pternophagus divides his way
Thro’ breaking ranks, and leads the dreadful day.
No nibbling prince excell’d in fierceness more,
His parents fed him on the savage boar;
But where his lance the field with blood imbru’d,
Swift as he mov’d, Hydrocharis putsu’d,
‘Till fall’n in death he lies, a shatt’ring stone
Sounds on the neck, and crushes all the bone.
His blood pollutes the verdure of the plain,
And from his nostrils bursts the gushing brain.
Lycopinax with Borbocaetes fights,
A blameless Frog, whom humbler life delights;
The fatal jav’lin unrelenting flies,
And darkness seals the gentle croaker’s eyes.
Incens’d Prassophagus with spritely bound,
Bears Cnissodioctes off the rising ground,
Then drags him o’er the lake depriv’d of breath,
And downward plunging, sinks his soul to death.
But now the great Psycarpax shines afar,
(Scarce he so great whose loss provok’d the war)
Swift to revenge his fatal jav’lin fled,
And thro’the liver struck Pelusius dead;

His freckled corps before the victor fell,
His soul indignant sought the shades of hell.
This saw Pelobates, and from the flood
Heav’d with both hands a monstrous mass of mud,
The cloud obscene o’er all the hero flies,
Dishonours his brown face, and blots his eyes.
Enrag’d, and wildly sputt’ring, from the shore
A stone immense of size the warrior bore,
A load for lab’ring earth, (whose bulk to raise,
Asks ten degen’rate Mice of modern days.)
Full on the leg arrives the crushing wound;
The Frog supportless, writhes upon the ground.
Thus flush’d, the victor wars with matchless force,
‘Till loud Craugasides arrests his course,
Hoarse-croaking threats precede! with fatal speed
Deep thro’ the belly run the pointed reed,
Then strongly tugg’d, return’d imbru’d with gore,
And on the pile his reeking entrails bore.
The lame Sitophagus, oppress’d with pain,
Creeps from the desp’rate dangers of the plain;
And where the ditches rising weeds supply
To spread their lowly shades beneath the sky,
There lurks the silent Mouse reliev’d from heat,
And safe embour’d, avoids the chance of fate.
But here Troxartes, Physignathus there,
Whirl the dire furies of the pointed spear:
But where the foot around its ankle plies,
Troxartes wounds, and Physignathus flies,

Halts to the pool, a safe retreat to find,
And trails a dangling length of leg behind.
The Mouse still urges, still the Frog retires,
And half in anguish of the flight expires:
Then pious ardor young Pressaeus brings,
Betwixt the fortunes of contending kings:
Lank, harmless Frog! with forces hardly grown,
He darts the reed in combats not his own,
Which faintly tinkling on Troxartes’ shield,
Hangs at the point, and drops upon the field.
Now nobly tow’ring o’er the rest appears
A gallant prince that far transcends his years,
Pride of his sire, and glory of his house,
And more a Mars in combat than a Mouse:
His action bold, robust his ample frame,
And Meridarpax his resounding name.
The warrior singled from the fighting crowd,
Boasts the dire honours of his arms aloud;
Then strutting near the lake, with looks elate,
To all its nations threats approaching fate.
And such his strength, the silver lakes around
Might roll their waters o’er unpeopled ground.
But pow’rful Jove, who shews no less his grace
To Frogs that perish, than to human race,
Felt soft compassion rising in his soul,
And shook his sacred head, that shook the pole.
Then thus to all the gazing pow’rs began
The sire of Gods, and Frogs, and Mice, and Man.

What seas of blood I view! what worlds of slain!
An Iliad rising from a day’s campaign!
How fierce his jav’lin o’er the trembling lakes
The black-furr’d hero Meridarpax shakes!
Unless some fav’ring deity descend,
Soon will the Frogs loquacious empire end.
Let dreadful Pallas wing’d with pity fly,
And make her Aegis blaze before his eye:
While Mars refulgent on his rattling car,
Arrests his raging rival of the war.
He ceas’d reclining with attentive head,
When thus the glorious God of combats said.
Nor Pallas, Jove! tho’ Pallas take the field,
With all the terrors of her hissing shield,
Nor Mars himself, tho’ Mars in armour bright
Ascend his car, and wheel amidst the fight;
Not these can drive the desp’rate Mouse afar,
Or change the fortunes of the bleeding war.
Let all go forth, all heav’n in arms arise,
Or launch thy own red thunder from the skies.
Such ardent bolts as flew that wond’rous day,
When heaps of Titans mix’d with mountains lay,
When all the giant-race enormous fell,
And huge Enceladus was hurl’d to hell.
‘Twas thus th’ Armipotent advis’d the Gods,
When from his throne the cloud-compeller nods,
Deep lengthning thunders run from pole to pole,
Olympus trembles as the thunders roll.

Then swift he whirls the brandish’d bolt around,
And headlong darts it at the distant ground;
The bolt discharg’d inwrap’d with light’ning flies,
And rends its flaming passage thro’ the skies,
Then Earth’s inhabitants, the nibblers, shake:
And Frogs, the dwellers in the waters, quake.
Yet still the Mice advance their dread design,
And the last danger threats the croaking line,
‘Till Jove, that inly mourn’d the loss they bore,
With strange assistants fill’d the frighted shore.
Pour’d from the neighb’ring strand, deform’d to view,
They march, a sudden unexpected crew!
Strong sutes of armour round their bodies close,
Which, like thick anvils, blunt the force of blows;
In wheeling marches turn’d oblique they go;
With harpy claws their limbs divide below;
Fell sheers the passage to their mouth command;
From out the flesh their bones by nature stand;
Broad spread their backs, their shining shoulders rise;
Unnumber’d joints distort their lengthen’d thighs;
With nervous cords their hands are firmly brac’d;
Their round black eye-balls in their bosom plac’d;
On eight long feet the wond’rous warriors tread;
And either end alike supplies a head.
These, mortal wits to call the Crabs, agree;
The Gods have other names for things than we.
Now where the jointures from their loins depend,
The heroes tails with sev’ring grasps they rend.

Here, short of feet, depriv’d the pow’r to fly,
There, without hands, upon the field they lie.
Wrench’d from their holds, and scatter’d all around,
The bended lances heap the cumber’d ground.
Helpless amazement, fear pursuing fear,
And mad confusion thro’ their host appear:
O’er the wild waste with headlong flight they go,
Or creep conceal’d in vaulted holes below.
But down Olympus to the western seas
Far-shooting Phoebus drove with fainter rays;
And a whole war (so Jove ordain’d) begun,
Was fought, and ceas’d, in one revolving sun.