The three original rules were introduced by Asimov in his short story “Runaround”, published in the March 1942 issue of Astounding Science Fiction.
A benevolent robot—which appears to be, fittingly enough, Speedy, the robot at the center of “Runaround”–on the cover of I, Robot, giving an example of...
1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
0. A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
Isaac-asimov released The Three Laws of Robotics on Thu Jan 01 1942.