The group was founded in 2016 by Patricie Fuxová. While studying at the conservatory, she got the idea to create an all-female group that would celebrate femininity and Slavism. Besides Fuxová, Vesna originally consisted of violinist Bára Šůstková, flautist Andrea Šulcová and Tanita Yankovová.

In 2017, the group released a first single. The song was titled Morana, named after the goddess of winter. The song was recorded in collaboration with the Czech National Symphony Orchestra. Together they recorded three other singles: Mokoš, Vesna and Živa, named after the goddesses of autumn, spring and summer respectively.

In 2018, Šulcová left the group. She was replaced by pianist Olesya Ocepovská and drummer Markéta Vedralová. In November of that year they released their debut album Pátá Bohyně with thirteen songs. A second album followed in 2020 entitled Anima.

At the beginning of 2023, Vesna took part in the Czech preselection for the Eurovision Song Contest. With the song My sister’s crown, the group won the final with force majeure, allowing it to represent the Czech Republic at the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 in Liverpool, UK.